Responda à questão abaixo com base no texto a seguir:

Last month marked the world’s hottest July on record, US scientists say

 This year could beat 2023 for the hottest year on record as 15-month ever recorded, elongating a string of monthly temperature highs that now stretch back for 15 consecutive months, US government scientists have announced. Last month was about 1.2C (2.1F) hotter than average across the globe, making it the hottest July on record, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Noaa) said on Thursday. This means that every month for the past 15 months has beaten its previous monthly record. “The streak started in June 2023 and now exceeds the record streak heat streak extends, according to Noaa. The world just had its hottest July set over 2015 and 2016,” said Karin Gleason, monitoring section chief at Noaa’s National Centers for Environmental Information, who added that last month’s record was by a “photo finish” small margin over last July. The record warmth last month saw new July highs for Europe and Africa, while North America had its second hottest ever July. About a fifth of the world’s total land surface had new record temperatures in July, with only the very tip of South America having a cooler than average month Across the oceans, which have been experiencing exceptional surging levels of heat over the past year, last month was the second hottest July recorded, breaking a string of 15 consecutive record hot months. July saw searing heat for much of the globe, with heatwaves sweeping places such as southern Europe and large parts of the US. Last month also saw, unusually, the daily average global temperature record broken twice in two consecutive days. Noaa’s rankings differ slightly from the EU’s Earth-watching service Copernicus, which last week said that July was the second hottest such month on record. On Thursday Noaa said there was now a 77% chance that 2024 will be the hottest year on record, beating the existing record set only last year. The agency added that there was also a two-inthree chance of a La Niña climate event developing from September onwards, a periodic natural shift in conditions that often brings cooler temperatures than its reverse, El Niño, which has helped fuel recent temperature highs. “What is truly staggering is how large the difference is between the temperature of the last 13 months and the previous temperature records,” said Carlo Buontempo, director of the European Union’s Copernicus Climate Change Service following the daily record set on 21 July. “We are now in truly uncharted territory and as the climate keeps warming, we are bound to see new records being broken in future months and years.” Climate scientists have stressed the elevated heat is a clear sign of the influence of a climate crisis being driven by the burning of fossil fuels and a sign that efforts to keep the world to within a 1.5C temperature rise beyond pre-industrial times are insufficient. “With temperatures increasing this much, we need to do absolutely everything we can to reduce the emissions driving climate change more rapidly,” said Drew Shindell, a climate scientist at Duke University. “That means accelerating the phaseout of fossil fuels, reducing methane this decade, and tackling agricultural emissions as well. These things aren’t easy, but the consequences of not doing them are mounting so quickly that we are dooming ourselves to well over 1.5°C, with higher temperatures each year we delay.”

Fonte: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/aug/15/july-worldrecord-heat. Acesso em: 15.08.2024.

Responda à questão abaixo com base no texto a seguir:

Last month marked the world’s hottest July on record, US scientists say

 This year could beat 2023 for the hottest year on record as 15-month ever recorded, elongating a string of monthly temperature highs that now stretch back for 15 consecutive months, US government scientists have announced. Last month was about 1.2C (2.1F) hotter than average across the globe, making it the hottest July on record, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Noaa) said on Thursday. This means that every month for the past 15 months has beaten its previous monthly record. “The streak started in June 2023 and now exceeds the record streak heat streak extends, according to Noaa. The world just had its hottest July set over 2015 and 2016,” said Karin Gleason, monitoring section chief at Noaa’s National Centers for Environmental Information, who added that last month’s record was by a “photo finish” small margin over last July. The record warmth last month saw new July highs for Europe and Africa, while North America had its second hottest ever July. About a fifth of the world’s total land surface had new record temperatures in July, with only the very tip of South America having a cooler than average month Across the oceans, which have been experiencing exceptional surging levels of heat over the past year, last month was the second hottest July recorded, breaking a string of 15 consecutive record hot months. July saw searing heat for much of the globe, with heatwaves sweeping places such as southern Europe and large parts of the US. Last month also saw, unusually, the daily average global temperature record broken twice in two consecutive days. Noaa’s rankings differ slightly from the EU’s Earth-watching service Copernicus, which last week said that July was the second hottest such month on record. On Thursday Noaa said there was now a 77% chance that 2024 will be the hottest year on record, beating the existing record set only last year. The agency added that there was also a two-inthree chance of a La Niña climate event developing from September onwards, a periodic natural shift in conditions that often brings cooler temperatures than its reverse, El Niño, which has helped fuel recent temperature highs. “What is truly staggering is how large the difference is between the temperature of the last 13 months and the previous temperature records,” said Carlo Buontempo, director of the European Union’s Copernicus Climate Change Service following the daily record set on 21 July. “We are now in truly uncharted territory and as the climate keeps warming, we are bound to see new records being broken in future months and years.” Climate scientists have stressed the elevated heat is a clear sign of the influence of a climate crisis being driven by the burning of fossil fuels and a sign that efforts to keep the world to within a 1.5C temperature rise beyond pre-industrial times are insufficient. “With temperatures increasing this much, we need to do absolutely everything we can to reduce the emissions driving climate change more rapidly,” said Drew Shindell, a climate scientist at Duke University. “That means accelerating the phaseout of fossil fuels, reducing methane this decade, and tackling agricultural emissions as well. These things aren’t easy, but the consequences of not doing them are mounting so quickly that we are dooming ourselves to well over 1.5°C, with higher temperatures each year we delay.”

Fonte: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/aug/15/july-worldrecord-heat. Acesso em: 15.08.2024.

Responda à questão abaixo com base no texto a seguir:

Last month marked the world’s hottest July on record, US scientists say

 This year could beat 2023 for the hottest year on record as 15-month ever recorded, elongating a string of monthly temperature highs that now stretch back for 15 consecutive months, US government scientists have announced. Last month was about 1.2C (2.1F) hotter than average across the globe, making it the hottest July on record, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Noaa) said on Thursday. This means that every month for the past 15 months has beaten its previous monthly record. “The streak started in June 2023 and now exceeds the record streak heat streak extends, according to Noaa. The world just had its hottest July set over 2015 and 2016,” said Karin Gleason, monitoring section chief at Noaa’s National Centers for Environmental Information, who added that last month’s record was by a “photo finish” small margin over last July. The record warmth last month saw new July highs for Europe and Africa, while North America had its second hottest ever July. About a fifth of the world’s total land surface had new record temperatures in July, with only the very tip of South America having a cooler than average month Across the oceans, which have been experiencing exceptional surging levels of heat over the past year, last month was the second hottest July recorded, breaking a string of 15 consecutive record hot months. July saw searing heat for much of the globe, with heatwaves sweeping places such as southern Europe and large parts of the US. Last month also saw, unusually, the daily average global temperature record broken twice in two consecutive days. Noaa’s rankings differ slightly from the EU’s Earth-watching service Copernicus, which last week said that July was the second hottest such month on record. On Thursday Noaa said there was now a 77% chance that 2024 will be the hottest year on record, beating the existing record set only last year. The agency added that there was also a two-inthree chance of a La Niña climate event developing from September onwards, a periodic natural shift in conditions that often brings cooler temperatures than its reverse, El Niño, which has helped fuel recent temperature highs. “What is truly staggering is how large the difference is between the temperature of the last 13 months and the previous temperature records,” said Carlo Buontempo, director of the European Union’s Copernicus Climate Change Service following the daily record set on 21 July. “We are now in truly uncharted territory and as the climate keeps warming, we are bound to see new records being broken in future months and years.” Climate scientists have stressed the elevated heat is a clear sign of the influence of a climate crisis being driven by the burning of fossil fuels and a sign that efforts to keep the world to within a 1.5C temperature rise beyond pre-industrial times are insufficient. “With temperatures increasing this much, we need to do absolutely everything we can to reduce the emissions driving climate change more rapidly,” said Drew Shindell, a climate scientist at Duke University. “That means accelerating the phaseout of fossil fuels, reducing methane this decade, and tackling agricultural emissions as well. These things aren’t easy, but the consequences of not doing them are mounting so quickly that we are dooming ourselves to well over 1.5°C, with higher temperatures each year we delay.”

Fonte: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/aug/15/july-worldrecord-heat. Acesso em: 15.08.2024.

The dangers of preconceived judgement:
look beyond stereotypes

People often say “Don’t judge a book by its cover”, and it holds true in many aspects of life. We are all
guilty of making snap judgements about others based on their appearance, actions or even just a brief
encounter. But have you ever wondered why it’s important not to judge someone before getting to know
them? Do you ever consider that?
[5]   Imagine that you are at a party and, out of the corner of your eye, you spot a person with a unique
hairstyle and an outfit that screams “fashion forward”. Your brain, always ready for action, instantly springs
into snap judgement mode. “They must be an avant-garde artist or a fashion model”, it enthusiastically
proclaims. This is thin slice judgement! It refers to the action of making lightning-fast judgements based
on minimal information. An example is when you are at a job interview, and the person in the hot seat
[10]   glances at your handwriting before making a quick assessment of your personality. It sounds ludicrous,
but our brain has a way of magnifying minor details and turning them into grand narratives. As amusing
as it may seem, such judgements can have real-life consequences.
While snap judgements can provide an amusing story to share at parties, they can perpetuate stereotypes,
reinforce biases and limit our ability to see the true beauty in diversity. Instead of jumping to conclusions,
[15]   it’s better to lean into curiosity. Ask questions, seek out diverse perspectives and recognize that everyone
has a unique story to tell. By embracing our inquisitive nature, we can uncover the richness of human
experiences and challenge our own biases.
Empathy is the secret weapon against prejudice. To truly understand someone, you must put yourself in
their shoes and see the world through their eyes. Actually, prejudice is when we form an opinion or make
[20]   assumptions about someone without having all the facts. It’s like trying to write a book review after only
reading the first chapter. We should strive to give people a fair chance before passing judgement. Besides,
it’s essential to remember that nobody is perfect, and we should embrace diversity instead of assuming
we’re always right. Rather than acting as self-appointed judges, we should approach people with empathy
and understanding.
[25]   Practicing self-compassion and recognizing our own imperfections can help us show more compassion
towards others. Harsh judgement can stem from a variety of factors, such as insecurity, fear or simply our
own experiences and biases, but it’s okay, we’ve all been there! What’s important is to take a step back and
reflect on why we are quick to judge. And, if we always do that, it’s time to think outside the box.

PATRICK TURNER
Adaptado de appgecet.co.in.

Leia o texto para responder à questão abaixo

    There are no bridges or roads that connect the city-island of Parintins to the rest of the world. This remote city in the Amazon is 369 kilometres away from Manaus, the capital of Brazil’s Amazonas state. Parintins is home to thousands of Indigenous Brazilians and can only be reached by plane or boat. Its position along the Amazon River makes it dependent on resources that arrive from far away cities.

    Despite these isolated conditions, the community of Parintins has developed a novel strategy that celebrates its folk and Indigenous traditions: the Festival do Boi-Bumbá. This annual event is the second most important festival in Brazil, after Rio de Janeiro’s globally renowned carnival.

    Boi-Bumbá, which takes place at the end of June, fuels the local economy by attracting investment as well as thousands of visitors and artists. Over the years, the festival has become the city’s bridge from the deep Amazon to the outside world, reducing political and physical isolation while reinforcing its social capital and cultural assets.

(Mauro Cossu et al. https://theconversation.com, 18.10.2022. Adaptado.)