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Acesse GrátisQuestões de Inglês - Grammar
Questão 9 5163972
UEA - SIS 2° Etapa 2020Leia o texto para responder a questão.
Reasons why plastic bags should be banned
Plastic bags are everywhere in our environment. When we go to purchase our groceries, we use plastic bags because they are convenient. In fact, in our modern lives, they have become part of us. However, the convenience of these plastic bags come at a very high cost to the environment and negatively affect human health. Several cities globally have begun banning the use of plastic bags while some have enforced restricted laws against the use of plastic bags because of the negative effects of their usage.
Besides, the use of plastic bags is considered as one of the 11 issues that humans are facing in their contemporary life. Countries such as China have banned the use of plastics. Bangladesh and India have only banned the use and sale of polyethylene bags which basically have thickness of less than 50 microns.
Plastic bags do not only pollute our water but also our land. Plastic bags are usually lightweight and, as such, they can travel very long distances by either water or wind. Wind blows these plastic bags and trashes a whole area. These litters get caught up in between trees, fences and float in water bodies, then moving to the world’s oceans.
(www.conserve-energy-future.com. Adaptado.
No título do texto, a expressão “should be banned” indica que os sacos plásticos
Questão 19 608931
UFT Tarde 2019/1Read the following text in order to answer QUESTION
Pluto should be reclassified as a planet, experts say
The reason Pluto lost its planet status is not valid, according to new research from the University of Central Florida in Orlando. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU), a global group of astronomy experts, established a definition of a planet that required it to "clear" its orbit, or in other words, be the largest gravitational force in its orbit. […]
Metzger, who is lead author on the study, reviewed scientific literature from the past 200 years and found only one publication -- from 1802 -- that used the clearing-orbit requirement to classify planets, and it was based on since-disproven reasoning.
"It's a sloppy definition," Metzger said of the IAU's definition. "They didn't say what they meant by clearing their orbit. If you take that literally, then there are no planets, because no planet clears its orbit." […]
Metzger said that the definition of a planet should be based on its intrinsic properties, rather than ones that can change, such as the dynamics of a planet's orbit. "Dynamics are not constant, they are constantly changing," Metzger said. "So, they are not the fundamental description of a body, they are just the occupation of a body at a current era."
Instead, Metzger recommends classifying a planet based on if it is large enough that its gravity allows it to become spherical in shape. "And that's not just an arbitrary definition, Metzger said. "It turns out this is an important milestone in the evolution of a planetary body, because apparently when it happens, it initiates active geology in the body."
Source: University of Central Florida. "Pluto should be reclassified as a planet, experts say." ScienceDaily, 7 September 2018. Available at: <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/09/180907110422.htm>.
In the title of the text, the modal verb SHOULD conveys the idea of:
Questão 31 1709495
EN 1° Dia 2019Which option completes the text below correctly”?
Tips for a Healthy Diet
You eat vegetables every day. Vegetables contain essential vitamins and substances that are very important for your organism.
You only eat what you like to eat because to stay healthy you also need to eat what your organism needs you to eat.
(Adapted from hitps://nexter.org/top-5-tips-for-a-healthy-diet)
Questão 9 6142332
UEA - SIS 2° Etapa 2019Leia o texto para responder a questão.
Reasons why plastic bags should be banned
Plastic bags are everywhere in our environment. When we go to purchase our groceries, we use plastic bags because they are convenient. In fact, in our modern lives, they have become part of us. However, the convenience of these plastic bags come at a very high cost to the environment and negatively affect human health. Several cities globally have begun banning the use of plastic bags while some have enforced restricted laws against the use of plastic bags because of the negative effects of their usage.
Besides, the use of plastic bags is considered as one of the 11 issues that humans are facing in their contemporary life. Countries such as China have banned the use of plastics. Bangladesh and India have only banned the use and sale of polyethylene bags which basically have thickness of less than 50 microns.
Plastic bags do not only pollute our water but also our land. Plastic bags are usually lightweight and, as such, they can travel very long distances by either water or wind. Wind blows these plastic bags and trashes a whole area. These litters get caught up in between trees, fences and float in water bodies, then moving to the world’s oceans.
(www.conserve-energy-future.com. Adaptado.)
No título do texto, a expressão “should be banned” indica que os sacos plásticos
Questão 14 5935131
PUC-Rio 2021Black Lives Matter isn't about statues or TV shows. It's about real lives being ruined
Nosheen Iqbal
In the past six weeks, I’ve lost count of the number of times I’ve been contacted about police brutality in Britain. As a reporter, I’ve been sent photos of a black child picked up and thrown to the ground by an officer on Hampstead Heath. I’ve witnessed a dozen officers chase and aggressively pin an unarmed black 14-yearold boy on to his belly in a Tottenham park. I’ve been emailed a video of black teenagers cuffed, harassed and searched by officers while their white friend can only watch. You simply have to open your eyes and look.
These are desperate and enraging stories. Many are barely investigated and rarely reported. It’s difficult to hold the police to account on every individual case when details are lost – the officer’s badge number, or the phone number of a witness – when the victims are traumatised and worn down. Basically, when they’re real people with real lives that don’t fit the script of what makes a newsworthy victim.
It’s harder still when there is an institutional denial that something is wrong, even when the stats tells us otherwise: in London black men aged 15 to 24 were stopped and searched more than 20,000 times during lockdown, a figure that equates to 30% of young black men in the capital, although some may have been searched more than once. More than 80% of these cases led to no further action.
Every Black Lives Matter event I’ve been to in recent weeks has felt political and urgent. Black, white, brown people and more are marching for equality in jobs, housing and health. Black male graduates, for instance, are paid on average 17% less than their white counterparts; the ethnic pay gap for men and women across industries is wide and it is pronounced. This is the change people are asking for.
They want justice for black police victims, for refugees, for trans people, for Grenfell. They want protection for frontline workers dying at alarming rates from Covid-19 who, because of the way society sifts and sorts itself, disproportionately come from ethnic minorities. They are refusing to shut up and just accept small progressive gains made decade by decade. This should be inspiring for all of us; it shouldn’t be repackaged as a national threat.
If you simply want a better, more equal world, where justice is real and not simply a slogan, it’s worth attending a Black Lives Matter rally. If you can go to a protest, do. Bear witness to what is genuinely being fought for. Black Lives Matter isn’t just a viral brand. It isn’t a political party. It shouldn’t be defined by its quickest and loudest critics. As a movement, it draws in everyone, and everyone should see that they have a stake in it. Ultimately, it’s about changing all our futures for the better.
Avaiable at: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jul/10/black-lives-matter-statues-tv-showspolice-brutality. Retrieved on August 1, 2020. Adapted.
“Should” in the fragment “This should be inspiring for all of us” (paragraph 5) expresses an idea of
Questão 14 294567
FMP 2018Cross-cultural Issues and Diverse Belief,
Douglas S. Diekema MD, MPH
Patients may bring cultural, religious and
ideological beliefs with them as they enter into a
relationship with the physician. Occasionally, these
beliefs may challenge or conflict with what the physician
[5] believes to be good medical care. Understanding
and respecting the beliefs of the patient represents
an important part of establishing and maintaining a
therapeutic relationship. While the principle of respect
for autonomy requires that a physician respect the
[10] medical decisions of a competent adult patient, in
cases of surrogate decision-making, the physician
has an independent duty to guard the interests of the
patient.
Why is it important to respect what appears to me
[15] to be idiosyncratic beliefs?
Respecting the beliefs and values of your patient
is an important part of establishing an effective
therapeutic relationship. Failure to take those beliefs
seriously can undermine the patient’s ability to trust
[20] you as her physician. It may also encourage persons
with non-mainstream cultural or religious beliefs to
avoid seeking medical care when they need it.
What are some ways to discover well known sets
of beliefs?
[25] There are many groups that share common sets
of beliefs. These belief systems may be based on
shared religions, ethnicity, or ideology. Knowledge
of these beliefs and the reasonable range of
interpretation of doctrine should be very helpful in
[30] deciding if unusual beliefs should be respected. Good
resources for guidance in this area include patients
and family members themselves, staff members with
personal knowledge or experience, hospital chaplains,
social workers, and interpreters. Unusual beliefs that
[35] fall outside known belief systems should prompt more
in-depth discussions to insure they are reasonable.
It is important to explore each individual’s beliefs,
as shared membership in a particular religious or
cultural group does not necessarily entail identical
[40] belief systems.
What is my responsibility when a patient
endangers her health by refusing a treatment?
Adults have a moral and legal right to make
decisions about their own health care, including the
[45] right to refuse treatments that may be life-saving.
The physician has a responsibility to make sure that
the patient understands the possible and probable
outcomes of refusing the proposed treatment. The
physician should attempt to understand the basis for
[50] the patient’s refusal and address those concerns and
any misperceptions the patient may have. In some
cases, enlisting the aid of a leader in the patient’s
cultural or religious community may be helpful.
Can parents refuse to provide their children with
[55] necessary medical treatment on the basis of their
beliefs?
Parents have legal and moral authority to make
health care decisions for their children, as long
as those decisions do not pose a significant risk of
[60] serious harm to the child’s health. Parents should not
be permitted to deny their children medical care when
that medical care is likely to prevent substantial harm
or suffering. If necessary, the physician may need
to pursue a court order or seek the involvement of
[65] child protective services in order to provide treatment
against the wishes of the parents. Nevertheless, the
physician must always take care to show respect
for the family’s beliefs and a willingness to discuss
reasonable alternatives with the family.
[70] What kinds of treatment can parents choose not
to provide to their children?
Parents have the right to refuse medical
treatments when doing so does not place the child
at significant risk of substantial harm or suffering.
[75] For example, parents have the right to refuse routine
immunizations for their children on religious or cultural
grounds.
Can a patient demand that I provide them with a
form of treatment that I am uncomfortable providing?
[80] A physician is not morally obligated to provide
treatment modalities that they do not believe offer a
benefit to the patient or which may harm the patient.
Physicians should also not offer treatments that
they do not feel competent to provide or prescribe.
[85] However, it is important to take the patient’s request
seriously, consider accommodating requests that
will not harm the patient or others, and attempt to
formulate a plan that would be acceptable to both the
physician and patient.
Available at: . Retrieved on: July 3rd, 2017. Adapted.
In the fragment of the text “Knowledge of these beliefs and the reasonable range of interpretation of doctrine should be very helpful” (lines 27-29), the modal should conveys an idea of
