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    The spread of fake news can have both personal and academic consequences. In a perfect world everything reported would be based only on facts and you would be able to trust that the media you consume is reliable. But unfortunately that’s not the case. You should learn to spot false information because fake news can:

    1. Call into question the credibility of your sources. As a student you are expected to find, evaluate, and reference trustworthy information sources in a variety of formats. If you include fake news as evidence for your arguments or as part of your research it may raise doubts about the integrity of the sources you use as a whole and your ability to identify quality information. Maintain the respect of your professors, peers, friends, and family by citing only true, credible news and information sources.

    2. Provide you with false, confusing, or dishonest information used to make a decision or take action. It can be dangerous to do something without having all the facts, but it can be just as detrimental to do so based on inaccurate information. Whether it’s political, medical, academic, or personal, you need to be able to recognize when the information you are taking in can be trusted to help you make an intelligent, fact-based choice.

(https://libguides.uvic.ca, 26.05.2023. Adaptado.)

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Michigan State University’s Quick Check

1. Check the website name and domain: Fake sites often have a “.co” in the domain.
2. Spelling & Grammar: Are there multiple errors or does the site look professionally edited?
3. Author Attribution: Is an author listed? Are there links to their profile and credentials? Anonymous articles generally should be avoided.
4. Emotional Manipulation: Do you feel emotions by simply reading the headline?
5. Statement of Ethics: Most reputable news sites have a Statement of Ethics.
6. Corrections: Again, reputable sites have a Corrections section or policy.
7. Named Sources, Studies etc.: Does the article name a source or study for its information?
8. Identify Editorials vs News: Reputable news sources clearly identify editorials, which as we know are just someone’s opinion.
9. Check A Reporter’s Body of Work: Does the reporter have a large body of work? Do they generally cover the same topic(s), or do the topics seem to be random or inconsistent?
10. Verify Information Using Multiple Sources: This is a good habit for all research. Make sure you can find more than one reputable source reporting the same information. 

(www.libguides.valenciacollege.edu, 04.08.2022. Adaptado.)

TEXT FOR QUESTION

Healthy Vision: Take care of your eyes!

    It’s important to take care of your eyes. Poor vision makes it harder to read, drive, and cook. The good news: Many eye problems and diseases can be treated if caught early. To make sure you keep seeing clearly, get a comprehensive dilated eye exam. An eye care professional will examine your eyes for signs of vision problems or eye diseases. It’s the best way to find out if you need glasses or contacts, or are in the early stages of a serious but treatable eye disease.

    You ___________ have a dilated eye exam regularly to check for common eye problems. If you haven’t had an exam for some time, schedule one this month. CDC’s Vision Health Initiative and the National Eye Institute are encouraging Americans to take care of their eyes to make sure they can see well throughout their lives.

    ______________ older adults tend to have more vision problems, preschoolers may not see as well as they should. Just 1 out of every 7 preschoolers receives an eye exam, and fewer than 1 out of every 4 receives some type of vision screening. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends vision screening for all children ages 3 to 5 years to find conditions such as amblyopia, or lazy eye that can be treated effectively if caught early.

(Disponível em https://www.cdc.gov/media/matte/2012/08- heathy-vision.pdf?cid=2012_08_ healthy_vision#:~:text=Taking%20care%20of%20your%20eyes, for%20falls%2C%20injury%20and%20depression. Acesso em 19 fev. 2021.)

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Reasons why plastic bags should be banned

    Plastic bags are everywhere in our environment. When we go to purchase our groceries, we use plastic bags because they are convenient. In fact, in our modern lives, they have become part of us. However, the convenience of these plastic bags come at a very high cost to the environment and negatively affect human health. Several cities globally have begun banning the use of plastic bags while some have enforced restricted laws against the use of plastic bags because of the negative effects of their usage.

    Besides, the use of plastic bags is considered as one of the 11 issues that humans are facing in their contemporary life. Countries such as China have banned the use of plastics. Bangladesh and India have only banned the use and sale of polyethylene bags which basically have thickness of less than 50 microns.

    Plastic bags do not only pollute our water but also our land. Plastic bags are usually lightweight and, as such, they can travel very long distances by either water or wind. Wind blows these plastic bags and trashes a whole area. These litters get caught up in between trees, fences and float in water bodies, then moving to the world’s oceans.

(www.conserve-energy-future.com. Adaptado.