Questões de Inglês - Grammar - Verbs - Present perfect
52 Questões
Questão 14 12292182
PUC-GO Medicina 2024/1Choose the sentence that uses the present perfect tense correctly:
Questão 38 8410865
EEAR 2021“The Little Prince”, now, is a movie
Alex Weiss
An all-time favorite children’s book, The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry has been turned into a beautifully animated movie — and it’s finally being released. The inspiring lessons, timeless story, and beautiful quotes from The Little Prince make this a perfect choice for an on-screen adaptation. At one point or another, your parents read this book to you when you were a child, and then you picked it up later on in life, realizing how incredibly important this small book truly is.
Adapted from: https://www.bustle.com/articles/176416-18-the-little-prince-quotes-to-get-you-pumpedfor-the-movie
The verbs in bold are, respectively, in the
Questão 14 366751
UNIMONTES 3° Etapa 2016Brazil country profile
[1] Brazil is South America’s most influential country, an emerging economic power, and one of the
world’s largest democracies.
Over the past few years it has made major strides in its efforts to raise millions out of poverty.
The discovery of major offshore oil reserves could propel the country into the top league of oil
[5] exporting nations.
The exploitation of the Amazon rainforest, much of which is in Brazil, has been a major international
worry, since the wilderness is a vital regulator of the climate. It is also an important reservoir of plant and
animal life.
A drive to move settlers to the Amazon region
[10] during military rule in the 1970s caused considerable
damage to vast areas of rainforest.
Deforestation by loggers and cattle ranchers
remains controversial, but government-sponsored
migration programmes have been halted.
[15] In 2005 the government reported that one fifth
of the Amazon forests had been cleared by
deforestation
Deforestation has been slowed down by extra
policing and pressure from environmental and
[20] consumer groups. The government has fined illegal cattle ranchers and loggers, while the food industries
have banned products from illegally deforested areas, such as soya beans and beef.
At a glance
• Economy: Brazil has Latin America’s largest economy; there has been steady growth.
• International: Brazil wants a permanent seat at the UN Security Council; relations with Bolivia
[25] suffered in 2006 over access to Bolivian gas.
Officials estimate that deforestation in 2010 fell to 5,000 sq km for the year, down from 7,000 sq km
the year before and a peak of 27,000 sq km in 2004.
Brazil’s natural resources, particularly iron ore, are highly prized by major manufacturing nations,
including China. Thanks to the development of offshore fields, the nation has become self-sufficient in oil,
[30] ending decades of dependence on foreign producers. [...]
Disponível em: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-19359112. Acesso em: 10 set. 2016. Adaptado.
No trecho “The government has fined illegal cattle ranchers and loggers, while the food industries have banned products from illegally deforested areas, such as soya beans and beef.” (linhas 20-21), podemos afirmar que o tempo verbal utilizado é:
Questão 98 207695
UECE 2ª Fase 1° Dia 2015/2TEXT
[1] The head of Brazil’s Senate, Renan
Calheiros, has been accused of tax evasion,
using a government jet to visit a surgeon who
alleviated his baldness with hair implants and
[5] allowing a construction company’s lobbyist to
pay child support for his daughter from an
extramarital affair with a television journalist.
Eduardo Cunha, the conservative
speaker of Brazil’s lower house of Congress,
[10] has also faced — and successfully battled — a
list of corruption accusations, from
embezzlement to living in an apartment paid
for by a black-market money dealer.
In some democracies, figures facing such
[15] situations might find themselves banished from
public life even if they were never convicted.
But not in Brazil, where the men who command
the scandal-plagued Congress are actually
increasing their power over the scandal
[20] plagued president, Dilma Rousseff.
The move reflects one of the most
profound shifts in political power in the country
in decades — and is a clear measure of the
troubles Ms. Rousseff now faces in the wake of
[25] a sweeping bribery case involving Brazil’s
national oil company.
“This is ‘House of Cards,’ Brazilian style,
with the chiefs in Congress seizing a moment
when the president is very weak,” said David
[30] Fleischer, a professor emeritus of political
science at the University of Brasília. “They are
putting into motion a strategy of simply letting
Dilma dangle in the wind,” he added.
The strategy seems to be working. While
[35] both Mr. Cunha and Mr. Calheiros are on the
list of dozens of political figures under
investigation in connection with the bribery
scandal, the congressional leaders appear to be
deflecting attention from their own troubles by
[40] revolting against Ms. Rousseff, whose public
approval rating stands at a dismal 13 percent.
In doing so, they have managed to
largely shield the Brazilian Congress from
blame. Its own bleak approval rating climbed
[45] to 11 percent in April from 9 percent in March,
according to Datafolha, a prominent Brazilian
polling company. The survey, conducted
through interviews with 2,834 people, has a
margin of sampling error of plus or minus two
[50] percentage points.
Ms. Rousseff, who narrowly won re
election in October, is facing huge protests
calling for her impeachment, with many
Brazilians fuming over the sluggish economy
[55] and revelations of the broad bribery scheme at
the national oil company, Petrobras. She was
chairwoman of the board at the state-
controlled oil giant from 2003 to 2010, roughly
corresponding to the period when the scheme
[60] was started.
The scandal involved executives at
Petrobras accepting vast amounts of bribes,
enriching themselves while also channeling
funds to political figures and to Ms. Rousseff’s
[65] leftist Workers Party, according to testimony by
former executives.
No testimony has emerged indicating
that Ms. Rousseff personally profited from the
scheme. But at the same time, Ms. Rousseff
[70] has been put on the defensive, insisting that
bribery proceeds were not channeled to her
election campaign. The scandal moved closer
to the president after the arrest of the
treasurer of her party, João Vaccari Neto.
[75] As Ms. Rousseff and her party reel from
the scandal, she is facing a rebellion from the
centrist Brazilian Democratic Movement Party,
which has anchored her coalition and controls
both houses of Congress.
[80] Both Mr. Calheiros, the Senate leader,
and Mr. Cunha, the speaker of the lower house,
are members of the rebelling party. Ms.
Rousseff’s own vice president, Michel Temer, is
the leader of the PMDB, as the party is known,
[85] and Mr. Temer is bolstering his own power
after the president appealed to him to ease
tensions with Congress.
At each turn in the bribery scandal, the
PMDB’s chiefs have moved to erode the power
[90] of the left-leaning Ms. Rousseff, stalling some
of the austerity measures proposed by her
finance minister; thwarting the president’s
nominees for her cabinet; and advancing
socially conservative measures aimed at
[95] weakening gun-control laws and repealing
legislation keeping teenagers from being tried
as adults.
Cristovam Buarque, a respected senator
on the left who voted against Ms. Rousseff in
[100] the recent election, said the growing sway over
the president by the troika formed by the
heads of Congress and the vice president
amounted to a “coup.”
“Instead of a general, a brigadier and an
[105] admiral acting with the support of the armed
forces, we have the vice president of the
republic and the chiefs of Congress
maneuvering with the support of the troops of
the PMDB,” Mr. Buarque said.
[110] Congress’s growing resistance represents
a turning point for an institution that has been
widely despised in Brazil for its propensity to
reward itself with pay raises when other parts
of society endure austerity measures, and for
[115] its capacity to shield its members facing legal
challenges.
Nearly 40 percent of federal legislators
who won large numbers of votes in the 2014
elections are under investigation in an array of
[120] crimes, including illegal 0deforestation,
embezzlement and torture. It takes a great
deal for any member to be expelled from
Congress. One example: Hildebrando Pascoal,
a legislator convicted of operating a death
[125] squad whose victims were dismembered with
chain saws.
Few federal legislators ever face
imprisonment for any crimes because of the
special judicial standing enjoyed by all 594
[130] members of Congress allowing them to be tried
only in Brazil’s Supreme Federal Tribunal,
effectively producing years of delays in a court
overwhelmed with examining many other
pressing issues in Brazilian society.
[135] After facing scandals in the past, the
figures now at the helm of Congress have
shown an exceptional ability to withstand the
allegations and resurrect their fortunes. Both
Mr. Calheiros, the head of the Senate, and Mr.
[140] Cunha, the head of the lower house, have
asserted that they are innocent in connection
to the bribery scheme at Petrobras.
From: http://www.nytimes.com April 27, 2015
In the sentence “Both Mr. Calheiros, the head of the Senate, and Mr. Cunha, the head of the lower house, have asserted that they are innocent in connection to the bribery scheme at Petrobras” (lines 138-142), the verbs in the clauses are respectively in the
Questão 20 137428
ACAFE Medicina 2015/2Surfing event opens in Rio amid water pollution
Published by the Washington Post (the text below has been slightly modified to better suit the exam)
Many ____ the world’s top surfers were ____ Rio de Janeiro ____ a major surfing competition that kicked ____ Tuesday amid persistent worries ____ the city’s polluted waters.
Kelly Slater of the United States and Brazilian star Gabriel Medina were among those competing at the Oi Rio Pro event, which is taking place on Rio’s Barra da Tijuca beach. The Barra neighborhood is one of the main sites for competitions at next year’s Olympics.
The surfing event’s main venue is near the spot where a raw sewage-filled lagoon empties into the Atlantic. The latest water quality report, issued Tuesday by the state environmental authority, said the area was inappropriate for swimming due to the concentration of fecal coliforms.
Rio has poor sewage treatment infrastructure and much of the sewage from the city of 12 million people empties untreated into its lakes, rivers and beach areas. Of the 32 water quality reports issued this year for Rio, only 8 found water in the area appropriate for swimmers.
Biologist and environmental activist Mario Moscatelli has warned that pollution could become particularly problematic during low tides at Barra da Tijuca, when the lagoon’s fetid waters spill out into the ocean.
Winds could potentially push the sewage along the beach, contaminating the competition site, said Moscatelli, who has been flying over the area for years as part of an environmental monitoring project. Recent photos taken by Moscatelli showed a brown stain spreading over much of Barra beach. The event’s organizer, the World Surf League, recently canceled a backup venue on the neighboring beach of São Conrado due to what the organization deemed “pollution issues”.
In a statement emailed to The Associated Press last week, World Surf League spokesman Dave Prodan said the organization was “confident that our primary site at Postinho, Barra da Tijuca, will deliver excellent conditions”.
Water quality has become a hot-button issue ahead of the 2016 Olympics, with state and local authorities repeatedly acknowledging they will not be able to fulfill a longstanding promise to clean up the city’s polluted waterways ahead of the games. Olympic sailing, canoeing, rowing and other aquatic competitions are slated to take place in the polluted waters, prompting worries about athletes’ health and safety.
The start of the competition at the surfing event coincides with Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff’s meetings in Rio with local Olympic organizers as well as members of the Swiss-based International Olympic Committee.
Which one of the following options refers to the tense used in the statement: Water quality has become a hot-button issue?
Questão 95 234323
UECE 2° Fase 1° Dia 2012/2T E X T
SPEAKING two languages rather than just one has obvious practical benefits in an increasingly globalized world. But in recent years, scientists have begun to show that the advantages of bilingualism are even more fundamental than being able to converse with a wider range of people. Being bilingual, it turns out, makes you smarter. It can have a profound effect on your brain, improving cognitive skills not related to language and even shielding against dementia in old age.
This view of bilingualism is remarkably different from the understanding of bilingualism through much of the 20th century. Researchers, educators and policy makers long considered a second language to be an interference, cognitively speaking, that hindered a child’s academic and intellectual development.
They were not wrong about the interference: there is ample evidence that in a bilingual’s brain both language systems are active even when he is using only one language, thus creating situations in which one system obstructs the other. But this interference, researchers are finding out, isn’t so much a handicap as a blessing in disguise. It forces the brain to resolve internal conflict, giving the mind a workout that strengthens its cognitive muscles.
Bilinguals, for instance, seem to be more adept than monolinguals at solving certain kinds of mental puzzles. In a 2004 study by the psychologists Ellen Bialystok and Michelle MartinRhee, bilingual and monolingual preschoolers were asked to sort blue circles and red squares presented on a computer screen into two digital bins — one marked with a blue square and the other marked with a red circle.
In the first task, the children had to sort the shapes by color, placing blue circles in the bin marked with the blue square and red squares in the bin marked with the red circle. Both groups did this with comparable ease. Next, the children were asked to sort by shape, which was more challenging because it required placing the images in a bin marked with a conflicting color. The bilinguals were quicker at performing this task.
The collective evidence from a number of such studies suggests that the bilingual experience improves the brain’s so-called executive function — a command system that directs the attention processes that we use for planning, solving problems and performing various other mentally demanding tasks. These processes include ignoring distractions to stay focused, switching attention willfully from one thing to another and holding information in mind — like remembering a sequence of directions while driving.
Why does the tussle between two simultaneously active language systems improve these aspects of cognition? Until recently, researchers thought the bilingual advantage stemmed primarily from an ability for inhibition that was honed by the exercise of suppressing one language system: this suppression, it was thought, would help train the bilingual mind to ignore distractions in other contexts. But that explanation increasingly appears to be inadequate, since studies have shown that bilinguals perform better than monolinguals even at tasks that do not require inhibition, like threading a line through an ascending series of numbers scattered randomly on a page.
The key difference between bilinguals and monolinguals may be more basic: a heightened ability to monitor the environment. “Bilinguals have to switch languages quite often — you may talk to your father in one language and to your mother in another language,” says Albert Costa, a researcher at the University of PompeuFabra in Spain. “It requires keeping track of changes around you in the same way that we monitor our surroundings when driving.” In a study comparing German-Italian bilinguals with Italian monolinguals on monitoring tasks, Mr. Costa and his colleagues found that the bilingual subjects not only performed better, but they also did so with less activity in parts of the brain involved in monitoring, indicating that they were more efficient at it.
The bilingual experience appears to influence the brain from infancy to old age (and there is reason to believe that it may also apply to those who learn a second language later in life).
In a 2009 study led by Agnes Kovacs of the International School for Advanced Studies in Trieste, Italy, 7-month-old babies exposed to two languages from birth were compared with peers raised with one language. In an initial set of trials, the infants were presented with an audio cue and then shown a puppet on one side of a screen. Both infant groups learned to look at that side of the screen in anticipation of the puppet. But in a later set of trials, when the puppet began appearing on the opposite side of the screen, the babies exposed to a bilingual environment quickly learned to switch their anticipatory gaze in the new direction while the other babies did not.
Bilingualism’s effects also extend into the twilight years. In a recent study of 44 elderly Spanish-English bilinguals, scientists led by the neuropsychologist Tamar Gollan of the University of California, San Diego, found that individuals with a higher degree of bilingualism — measured through a comparative evaluation of proficiency in each language — were more resistant than others to the onset of dementia and other symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease: the higher the degree of bilingualism, the later the age of onset.
Nobody ever doubted the power of language. But who would have imagined that the words we hear and the sentences we speak might be leaving such a deep imprint?
Source: www.nytimes.com
The verbs of the sentences “In the first task, the children sorted the shapes by color.”, “…since studies have shown that bilinguals…” and “Why does the tussle between two simultaneously active language systems improve these aspects of cognition?” are respectively in the
Pastas
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