Questões de Inglês - Vocabulary -
1.156 Questões
Leia a tirinha de Jim Davis.
(www.gocomics.com)
No contexto apresentado pela tirinha, a frase “I give up!”, no primeiro quadrinho, equivale, em português, a:
CROs and Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Research
When we think of AI, we think of robots that act like humans or computer programs that have a
“conscience”. This concept is largely associated with science fiction, but it’s fast becoming a reality all
around us.
These days, AI is a hot topic in multiple industries – even in clinical research. Essentially, AI, or
[5] Artificial Intelligence, is a field combining computer science with expansive datasets, which allows for
machine-enabled problem solving. AI writing and art generators are the better-known examples for the
general public, but it is also used in other industries, such as clinical research, which is shifting to more
decentralized models, as the use of wearable medical technology has risen.
Actually, AI can support and improve the use of wearables in many ways. Besides automatically
[10] collecting and processing data inputs, it can also automate decision-making regarding device notifications.
An AI program could also generate recommended patient actions based on patterns in their health data.
There are several obstacles when it comes to decentralized clinical trials, one of which is data collection
and processing. Since patients are off-site, they have to regularly and consciously submit their own
participation data. This can bring up issues with patient compliance and data errors. CROs and medical
[15] research institutions can leverage AI to solve these issues in several ways. They can create algorithms to
analyze patient data and create decisions that will achieve a desired outcome. Lastly, AI can optimize
and generate notifications that prompt patients to complete electronic clinical outcome assessments
(eCOA) for a more reliable data pool.
Moreover, AI programs can assist patients in submitting their data by analyzing the quality of the
[20] data prior to acceptance. For example, an AI program can evaluate an image to see whether it fits the
requirements of the clinical trial. It can then prompt the patient to retake the image with recommendations
regarding image quality, such as lighting or angle. This limits the amount of insufficient or substandard
submissions, thereby leading to fewer data processing errors.
Of course, implementing new technologies comes with challenges and difficulties. This is especially
[25] true when it comes to a complex technology such as AI, which is still being developed and optimized.
But, what is important is that existing applications of artificial intelligence in clinical practices and trials
have begun changing the way research is conducted and executed. AI has been supporting, enhancing,
and transforming clinical research – all to the benefit of patients all over the world.
Adapted from: vial.com/blog. Accessed June 7 2023.
“There are several obstacles when it comes to decentralized clinical trials, one of which is data collection and processing.” (l. 12-13)
The underlined word refers to:
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Giordano Cipriani / Getty Images
Discoveries of aquifers — underground earth formations that hold water — often create excitement around their ability to ease water scarcity in a region. The United States recently announced the discovery of five aquifers in Niger, one of Africa’s most water scarce countries, containing over 600 billion cubic metres of water. To put it into perspective, Egypt’s current water demand is 114 billion cubic metres of water per year.
These are welcome announcements. Due to a changing climate and the increasing demands of a growing population, many of Africa’s surface water resources — such as dams and rivers — are facing serious risks. They’re being overused and slowly decreasing.
Alternative water sources, like aquifers, need to be explored. They are highly prevalent across the African continent, but they’re not always going to help address water scarcity. For instance, early research findings deemed Kenya’s Turkana aquifer water unfit for use due to high salinity. It’s important to bear these challenges in mind so that expectations can be managed. It is also useful for planners and governments, as they need to think of other ways around the water scarcity problem.
(Gaathier Mahed. https://theconversation.com, 21.03.2023. Adaptado.)
In the excerpt from the first paragraph “To put it into perspective, Egypt’s current water demand is 114 billion cubic metres of water per year”, the underlined expression means to
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Some of the world’s leading artificial intelligence (AI) researchers are calling for a pause on research into AI, claiming that safety issues must first be urgently addressed. If not, the outcomes could be devastating for humanity. Others say any pause in development would not only be impractical to enforce on a global scale, but could also stand in the way of advances that could both improve and save lives.
The AI that is currently available already has the power to radically alter society, in new ways that we are seeing every day. So how might it progress over the coming years? Are we on the brink of an artificial intelligence-powered utopia or dystopia?
Firstly, technology has been automating jobs since the Industrial Revolution, though never before has it happened on this scale. Everyone from truck drivers to voice over artists are at risk of being replaced by AI. A recent study found that just over 30 jobs are considered safe from automation in the near future. They range from mechanics to athletes, though they represent just a sliver of the current labour market. While new jobs will be created, there is a significant chance that the majority of the population will be left jobless. This could either lead to:
Utopia: A new leisure class emerges, living off a universal basic income funded by taxes on robots and the companies that operate them.
Dystopia: Mass unemployment results in social unrest, similar to the way laid off factory workers trashed the machines that replaced them. With so many jobs at risk and the potential for huge wealth inequality, some fear it could ultimately result in societal collapse.
Secondly, artificial intelligence is already contributing to major scientific advances, dramatically accelerating the time it takes to make discoveries. It has been used to invent millions of materials that did not previously exist, find potential drug molecules 1,000 times faster than previous methods, and improve our understanding of the universe. This could either lead to:
Utopia: Cancer and all other life-threatening diseases are cured, leading to a new age of health and prosperity. Scientists are already using AI tools to make breakthroughs in longevity medicine, which aims to end or even reverse ageing.
Dystopia: The same AI-enabled technology could be used for malevolent purposes, creating entirely new diseases and viruses. These could be used as bioweapons, capable of devastating populations that don’t have access to cures or the tech needed to develop them.
(Anthony Cuthbertson. www.independent.co.uk, 03.05.2023. Adaptado.)
No terceiro parágrafo, a expressão “be left jobless” pode ser associada ao seguinte trecho do texto:
Text
Internet: mediakasvatus.fi/ (adapted).
The expression “improves your alertness” could be correctly replaced, without changing the meaning of text, by
THE BENEFITS OF SLOWING DOWN
Hustle culture uses speed as a measure of performance. How fast can you ship a new feature? How many
prospective clients can you call in an hour? How much of your day can you devote to work? If you’re not
fast, are you even being productive? This harmful mindset results in burnout, poor decision-making and
bad communication.
[5] It may seem counterintuitive, but slowing down can be a faster way to achieve your goals. Fighting our
urge to live and work faster can lead to clearer thinking, deeper connections and better mental health. The
illusory imperative to keep up with everyone else is hurting us. Faster is not always better – far from it. By
slowing down, you can build three key pillars to rely on in your life and work.
When we focus on speed, we may blindly follow a path that may not be the most efficient one to reach our
[10] goals – whether it’s a path dictated by others, or one that seems the most obvious. Slowing down allows us
to be more intentional when making decisions and executing our plans.
Being fast allows us to do more. But “doing more” does not equal “doing what’s best”. Doing things slower
means we can achieve a substantial increase in positive results, and even sometimes in the experience
itself. Would you design a more polished feature if you had two days, or if you had two weeks? Would
[15] you enjoy a landscape better if you are driving over the speed limit, or if you are taking a leisurely walk?
Would you learn more about a friend if you had a quick chat or a long conversation? Of course, we may
not always have the luxury of slowness, but we should make a conscious effort to question artificial time
constraints.
Consistent effort over time is more sustainable than pushing your limits to work as fast as possible. To do
[20] our best work, we need mental downtime, space for self-reflection, and a realistic schedule we can actually
keep up with.
Overall, slowing down will help you make better decisions, connect deeper with people, have more
meaningful experiences, all while improving your mental well-being by avoiding burnout. You may go
slower, but you will go further.
[25] Whatever area of your life you are targeting, making space for self-reflection is crucial. Helpful methods
to slow down include journaling, meditation and taking breaks. Speed may sometimes be a goal in and of
itself, but it should be an intentional goal rather than an automatic need to “keep up” with others.
An easy trick to slow down is to ask “Why the rush?” and to take a step back. Is speed really adding to the
quality of the output?
ANNE-LAURE LE CUNFF Adaptado de nesslabs.com.
Helpful methods to slow down include journaling, (l. 25-26)
The underlined word may be substituted, without significant change in meaning, by the words below:
Adicionar à pastas
06
Faça seu login GRÁTIS
Minhas Estatísticas Completas
Estude o conteúdo com a Duda
Estude com a Duda
Selecione um conteúdo para aprender mais:
"i" e "u" na segunda vogal de hiatos
Ações políticas e militares dos EUA
Arcos na circunferência trigonométrica
Artistas Artistas e grupos musicais
Auxiliary verbs (be, do, have, shall)
Ciclos do carbono, nitrogênio e enxofre
Classificação de Cadeias Carbônicas
Codominância e Dominância Incompleta
Coleta e organização de informações
Colônias de Exploração e Povoamento
Comércio exterior e blocos econômicos
comic strips, cartoon, graphic novel
Compensação fótica e Fotoperiodismo
Componentes da força resultante
Composição química e arquitetura molecular
Conceitos e Características Gerais
Conceitos fundamentais de Geometria analítica
Congruência e semelhança de figuras planas
Conjunto dos números complexos
Conjunto dos números irracionais
Conjunto dos números racionais
Conservação da Quantidade de Movimento
Constante de Avogadro e relações molares
Contrasting tenses and aspects
Criação e elementos constitutivos
Cultura Popular, Erudita, Mídia e Indústria Cultural
Descolonização da África e Ásia
Deslocamento de Espelhos Planos
Determinação cromossômica do sexo
Dinâmica do Movimento Circular
Ditongos abertos "éi", "ói", "éu"
Elemento, substância, mistura e alotropia
Elementos cênicos e coreográficos
Empregos do hífen com prefixos
Entropia e energia livre de Gibbs
Equacionamento e balanceamento de reações
Equipamentos, materiais e vidrarias
Escola de Frankfurt / Indústria cultural
Estados físicos e mudanças de estado
Família Real Portuguesa no Brasil
Fontes de energia e recursos naturais
Formas de excreção nos animais
Função definida por mais de uma sentença
Função polinomial do primeiro grau
Função polinomial do segundo grau
Funções Trigonométricas Inversas
Future perfect continuous / progressive
Governos Militares (1964-1985)
Herança ligada aos cromossomos sexuais
Ideias sociais e políticas do século XIX
Independência da América Latina
Isótopos, isótonos, isóbaros e isoeletrônicos
Lei da Gravitação Universal (Newton)
Lei das Proporções Definidas (Prost)
Lei das Proporções Múltiplas (Dalton)
Leis da Conservação das Massas (Lavoisier)
Localização e movimentação no espaço
Materiais homogêneos e heterogêneos
Matrizes estéticas e culturais
Modelos de poder: Populismo, Coronelismo e outros
Modelos de Produção Capitalista
Movimento Circular Uniformemente Variado
Movimento Uniformemente Variado
Mutações Cromossômicas Estruturais
Mutações Cromossômicas Numéricas
Número de oxidação e oxirredução
O e U / E e I em final de palavras
Orações subordinadas adjetivas
Orações subordinadas adverbiais
Orações subordinadas substantivas
Organização (família, grupos etc.)
Outras funções polinomiais (>2)
Palavras homônimas e parônimas
Palavras terminadas em ÃO e à / ÃO e AM
Palavras terminadas em ÊS, ESA, EZ, EZA
Palavras terminadas em OSO, OSA
Palavras terminadas em SSE / ICE
Past perfect continuous / progressive
Perímetro de figuras planas e superfícies
Planejamento, execução e análise de ações
Polaridade e eletronegatividade
Present continuous / progressive
Present continuous / progressive with future meaning
Present perfect continuous / progressive
Pretérito imperfecto de indicativo
Pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo
Pretérito perfecto de indicativo
Pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo
Primeira República (1889-1930)
Projeção cilíndrica e projeção cônica
Propriedades periódicas e aperiódicas
Qualidades Fisiológicas do Som
Queda da União Soviética e formação da Rússia
Queda Livre e Lançamento Vertical
Questão Indígena, Racial e de Gênero
Redes de transporte e de comunicação
Reformas religiosas e Contrarreforma
Relações métricas em triângulos
Relações métricas no triângulo retângulo
Relações trigonométricas no triângulo retângulo
República Democrática (1945-1964)
Retículo Endoplasmático Granuloso/ Não Granuloso
Revolução Americana (Independência)
Revolução Industrial (1ª Fase)
Revolução Industrial (2ª Fase)
Seleção Natural: casos de resistência
Sistemas excretores nos animais
Sólidos inscritos e circunscritos
Temperaturas de fusão e ebulição
Tendências da arte contemporânea
Teorema da decomposição em fatores
Teorema fundamental da Álgebra
Teoria sintética da evolução (Neodarwinismo)
Terminações "-são", "-ção" e "-ssão"
texto de divulgação científica
The genitive (?s) ? possessive case
Transformações - Termodinâmica (gráficos)
Transformações dos Gases (gráficos)
Transformações trigonométricas
Unidades de medida não padronizadas
Unidades de medida não padronizadas
Unidades de medida não padronizadas
Unidades de medida não padronizadas
Unidades de medida padronizadas
Unidades de medida padronizadas
Unidades de medida padronizadas
Unidades de medida padronizadas
Unidades de medida padronizadas