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    Situated in Ürümqi, China, the Xinjiang International Grand Bazaar is a unique confluence of Uyghur, Kazakh, Hui, and Han Chinese cultures. Completed in 2000 and inaugurated in 2003, it is a popular destination for tourists wanting to immerse themselves in the rich and diverse heritage of the region.

    A Bazaar in Persia is essentially a marketplace where various goods are sold. However, Xinjiang’s Grand Bazaar is more than just a commercial center; it’s an immersive experience reflecting the fusion of Middle Eastern influences in its architecture.

    Adorned with minarets and symbolic structures like a grand mosque, it seamlessly blends with the vibrant Uyghur culture, visually representing the people and their community. The market operates from early morning to late at night, offering a dynamic atmosphere filled with dancing and entertainment, creating a lively backdrop for visitors exploring various shops.

    The Bazaar caters to diverse needs, featuring shops offering various products, from electronics to clothing. The culinary scene is equally diverse, showcasing the region’s agricultural abundance. The variety of fresh delicatessens, local eateries, and vendors offering freshly squeezed juices create a tasty experience for the locals and visitors.

    Part of this culinary diversity is a notable emphasis on locally grown foods such as pomegranates. Xinjiang is one of the world’s largest producers, alongside India and Iran. The markets, pulsating with life, offer goods and a distinctive cultural exchange. A unique feature of the International Grand Bazaar is the spontaneous and random dance sequences that often occur. Visitors immerse themselves in traditional Uyghur dances, adding a layer of cultural interaction to the market experience. 

    Being one of the largest bazaars globally, it attracts over 100,000 visitors daily, serving as a global hub for cultural exchange and economic activity. Beyond being a marketplace, it is a cultural gateway, inviting individuals from various backgrounds to engage with the region’s rich cultural tapestry.

    The International Grand Bazaar is a vibrant place to shop, eat and enjoy the local culture that provides a daily glimpse into Ürümqi’s diverse heritage. Its impressive design, bustling markets, and diverse culinary scene make it a compelling destination for those wanting an authentic experience in the heart of Xinjiang.

Fonte: https://www.thedailyscrumnews.com/discovering-the-vibrancy-of-xinjianginternational-grand-bazaar/. Acesso em: 16.11.2023.

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Cerrado

    Located between the Amazon, Atlantic Forests and Pantanal, the Cerrado is the largest savanna region in South America.

    The Cerrado is one of the most threatened and overexploited regions in Brazil, second only to the Atlantic Forests in vegetation loss and deforestation. Unsustainable agricultural activities, particularly soy production and cattle ranching, as well as burning of vegetation for charcoal, continue to pose a major threat to the Cerrado’s biodiversity. Despite its environmental importance, it is one of the least protected regions in Brazil.

    Facts & Figures

    • Covering 2 million km² , or 21% of the country’s territory, the Cerrado is the second largest vegetation type in Brazil.

    • The area is equivalent to the size of England, France, Germany, Italy and Spain combined.

    • More than 1,600 species of mammals, birds and reptiles have been identified in the Cerrado.

    • Annual rainfall is around 800 to 1600 mm.

    • The capital of Brazil, Brasilia, is located in the heart of the Cerrado.

    • Only 20% of the Cerrado’s original vegetation remains intact; less than 3% of the area is currently guarded by law.

(http://wwf.panda.org. Adaptado.)

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Cerrado

    Located between the Amazon, Atlantic Forests and Pantanal, the Cerrado is the largest savanna region in South America.

    The Cerrado is one of the most threatened and overexploited regions in Brazil, second only to the Atlantic Forests in vegetation loss and deforestation. Unsustainable agricultural activities, particularly soy production and cattle ranching, as well as burning of vegetation for charcoal, continue to pose a major threat to the Cerrado’s biodiversity. Despite its environmental importance, it is one of the least protected regions in Brazil.

    Facts & Figures

    • Covering 2 million km² , or 21% of the country’s territory, the Cerrado is the second largest vegetation type in Brazil.

    • The area is equivalent to the size of England, France, Germany, Italy and Spain combined.

    • More than 1,600 species of mammals, birds and reptiles have been identified in the Cerrado.

    • Annual rainfall is around 800 to 1600 mm.

    • The capital of Brazil, Brasilia, is located in the heart of the Cerrado.

    • Only 20% of the Cerrado’s original vegetation remains intact; less than 3% of the area is currently guarded by law.

(http://wwf.panda.org. Adaptado.)

Map 1

Map 2

Leia o texto e analise os dois mapas para responder à questão.

Cerrado

    Located between the Amazon, Atlantic Forests and Pantanal, the Cerrado is the largest savanna region in South America.

    The Cerrado is one of the most threatened and overexploited regions in Brazil, second only to the Atlantic Forests in vegetation loss and deforestation. Unsustainable agricultural activities, particularly soy production and cattle ranching, as well as burning of vegetation for charcoal, continue to pose a major threat to the Cerrado’s biodiversity. Despite its environmental importance, it is one of the least protected regions in Brazil.

    Facts & Figures

    • Covering 2 million km² , or 21% of the country’s territory, the Cerrado is the second largest vegetation type in Brazil.

    • The area is equivalent to the size of England, France, Germany, Italy and Spain combined.

    • More than 1,600 species of mammals, birds and reptiles have been identified in the Cerrado.

    • Annual rainfall is around 800 to 1600 mm.

    • The capital of Brazil, Brasilia, is located in the heart of the Cerrado.

    • Only 20% of the Cerrado’s original vegetation remains intact; less than 3% of the area is currently guarded by law.

(http://wwf.panda.org. Adaptado.)

Map 1

Map 2

    The word “cyberculture” is used in a variety of
ways, often referring to certain cultural products and
practices born of computer and Internet technologies, but
also to specific subcultures that champion
[5] computer-related hobbies, art, and language. In the 1970s,
cyberculture was the exclusive domain of a handful of
technology experts devoted to exchanging and promoting
ideas related to the growing fields of computers and
electronics. But following the commercialization of the
[10] Internet and the World Wide Web in the mid-1990s,
cyberculture took on a new life. In fact, today the Internet
touches many parts of life in advanced industrial societies.

    Cyberculture is heralded for breaking down borders
and barriers, not just between nations but also between
[15] groups and individuals separated by physical space or by
political and social conditions. As a result, some would
hold that the Internet fosters a more complex tapestry of
relations than ever existed in the physical world. 

    However, skeptics warned that the Internet wasn’t
[20] eliminating borders as much as shifting their definition and
location. Instead of physical borders separating one people
from another, these critics contend, the Internet establishes
a border between those who use it and those who do not or
cannot go online. This “digital divide” was of increasing
[25] concern to social activists and policy planners, and to
businesses as well, who see the divide as a stopgap to their
future marketing strategies. This rift grows as cyberculture
becomes a force driving social change, economic relations,
political policy, and cultural life. If cyberculture
[30]increasingly sets the agenda in the dominant culture, those
on the “wrong” side of the digital divide will inevitably
find themselves more and more isolated and alienated from
the societies in which they live.

Cyberculture: society, culture, and the Internet. In: Gale Encyclopedia of E-Commerce, 2002. Internet: www.encyclopedia.com (adapted).

According to the text, judge the following item.

    The word “cyberculture” is used in a variety of
ways, often referring to certain cultural products and
practices born of computer and Internet technologies, but
also to specific subcultures that champion
[5] computer-related hobbies, art, and language. In the 1970s,
cyberculture was the exclusive domain of a handful of
technology experts devoted to exchanging and promoting
ideas related to the growing fields of computers and
electronics. But following the commercialization of the
[10] Internet and the World Wide Web in the mid-1990s,
cyberculture took on a new life. In fact, today the Internet
touches many parts of life in advanced industrial societies.

    Cyberculture is heralded for breaking down borders
and barriers, not just between nations but also between
[15] groups and individuals separated by physical space or by
political and social conditions. As a result, some would
hold that the Internet fosters a more complex tapestry of
relations than ever existed in the physical world. 

    However, skeptics warned that the Internet wasn’t
[20] eliminating borders as much as shifting their definition and
location. Instead of physical borders separating one people
from another, these critics contend, the Internet establishes
a border between those who use it and those who do not or
cannot go online. This “digital divide” was of increasing
[25] concern to social activists and policy planners, and to
businesses as well, who see the divide as a stopgap to their
future marketing strategies. This rift grows as cyberculture
becomes a force driving social change, economic relations,
political policy, and cultural life. If cyberculture
[30]increasingly sets the agenda in the dominant culture, those
on the “wrong” side of the digital divide will inevitably
find themselves more and more isolated and alienated from
the societies in which they live.

Cyberculture: society, culture, and the Internet. In: Gale Encyclopedia of E-Commerce, 2002. Internet: www.encyclopedia.com (adapted).

According to the text, judge the following item.