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George Washington is best known for a variety of roles in the shaping of our country, from being the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War, to being the first President of the United States.

However, one of his proudest personal achievements was being regarded as an accomplished farmer by his peers and colleagues. While he is most commonly referred to as “The Father of our Country,” he could also be called the “Father of American Agriculture.” Those closest to him believed Washington was at his happiest working his lands and conducting agricultural experiments.

Washington was primarily a tobacco farmer, but eventually diversified into growing wheat, corn, carrots, cabbage, and a variety of other crops. He also used the results to best determine what would grow best in the soil on the land.

Washington was a firm believer in the value of compost (or organic fertilizer as it is called today) to enrich the soil even further and get better use from it. At that time, not everyone used compost, and Washington went to great lengths to explain and prove how composting increased more productivity over time. He also experimented with a 7- year crop rotation plan. His planting methods, when combined with the compost practices, exponentially improved the long-term productivity of his land, all of which are the pillars of soil health that are used today. In numerous diaries, essays, and speeches, Washington encouraged American farmers to enrich their soil instead of wearing it out. So it’s fair to say he was one of the first recognized conservationists in the country. […]

In an address to Congress, Washington stressed the importance of agriculture and farming in relation to the survival of the country: “It will not be doubted that with reference either to individual or national welfare, agriculture is of primary importance. In proportion as nations advance in population and other circumstances of maturity this truth becomes more apparent, and renders the cultivation of the soil more and more an object of public patronage.” Washington constantly tried to improve his farming, and when he did, he did it as much for America as for himself. […]

Disponível em: https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/newsroom/features/?cid=nrcsepr d1316224#:~:text=In%20an%20address%20to%20Congress,agriculture%20is%20of%20 primary%20importance. Acesso em: 07 out. 2022.

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What happened at Pearl Harbor?

    On the morning of 7 December 1941, at 7.55am local time, 183 aircraft of the Imperial Japanese Navy attacked the United States Naval base at Pearl Harbor on the island of Oahu, Hawaii.
    The first attack wave __________ bombing the hangars and parked aircraft of the island’s airfields while at the same time launching torpedoes against the US warships moored in the harbour.
    This devastating attack was followed an hour and a half later by a second wave of 170 Japanese aircraft. Within two hours, 18 US warships had been sunk or damaged, 188 aircraft destroyed and 2,403 American servicemen and women killed.

Adapted from https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/what-happened-at-pearl-harbor.

Read the text and answer the question.

Gregory “Greg” Heffley is an American middle school student and also the main protagonist of the book series Diary of a Wimpy Kid.

Greg is lazy, petty, slightly narcissistic, sociopathic, egotistical, eccentric, egocentric, usually backstabbing, and sometimes even selfish and dishonest, and apparently lacks talent. He hardly has any skills aside from video games and possibly singing. However, despite all this, Greg has had his kind and caring moments, but not that often.

Adapted from https://diary-of-a-wimpy-kid.fandom.com/wiki/Greg_Heffley

[1]   One may say that Oscar Niemeyer had a perspective 

on life completely different to that of many of those working 

elsewhere in modern architecture. He began life as a modernist, 

[4] but gradually forged an architectural style that was both unique 

and ahead of its time, a symbol of the colour and lust for life of 

his native Brazil. He once told a newspaper: ‘Mine is an 

[7] architecture of curves; the body of a woman, the sinuous rivers, 

the waves of the sea’.  

        Through his professional life, Niemeyer retained 

[10] defining traits of the Modernists. However, the Brazilian 

simply didn’t have the mass-production mindset natural to the 

European modernists, obsessed with finding ways of building 

[13] cheap housing for the multitudes. Niemeyer would ask ‘How 

can you repeat a house that has specific level curves, a certain 

light or a landscape? How can you build it over again?’ He 

[16] explained later: ‘It was not the imposition of the right angle 

which made me mad, but the obsessive concern of an 

architectonical purity, of structural logic, of the systematic 

[19] campaign against the free and creative shape.’ 

Gaynor Aaltonen. The history of architecture: iconic buildings throughout the ages. London: Arcturus, 2008, p. 615-621 (adapted)

Based on the text, judge the item.

Dementia campaign to give families open access wins cross-party support

http://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/mar/07/dementia-johns-campaign-hospital-visit-norman-lamb-andy-burnham

Politicians commit to John's Campaign to allow people 24-hour hospital access to vulnerable patients  with dementia, following deluge of support

[1] A campaign to allow friends and family open access to people with dementia while they are in

hospital has seen a significant victory this weekend with backing from senior politicians. The

Observer-backed campaign has won the

support of health minister Norman Lamb, who

has promised to write to all NHS trusts promoting

the idea, while the shadow health secretary,

Andy Burnham, has committed to strengthening

the NHS constitution on the issue and including it

in Labour's election manifesto.

[2] “I could have wept with gratitude and relief,” said

novelist Nicci Gerrard, whose experiences with

her father's hospital care led her to launch John's

Campaign. It calls for the families and carers of

people with dementia to be allowed to remain

with them in hospital for as many hours of the day

and night as necessary. The campaign has been

deluged with support, not only from families but

from doctors, nurses and charities working with people with dementia. Several NHS trusts have

agreed to start implementing changes within their own hospitals and letting staff know what is

expected of them.

[3] Gerrard said cross-party support showed it was not a political issue but one of common sense and

compassion. It is, she writes in the Observer today, “a rare instance where the costs in both

financial and human terms are none and the benefits enormous”.

[4] More than a quarter of hospital beds in the UK are now occupied by people with dementia. Athird

will never return to their own homes and just under half will leave hospital in a worse condition than

when they entered. Gerrard's father, Dr John Gerrard, who was diagnosed with Alzheimer's in his

70s, deteriorated significantly during his hospital stay last year, something his family felt could

have been avoided had they been allowed to spend more time supporting him while he was there.

[5]   The campaigners, backed by Labour MP Valerie Vaz among others, believe the current NHS

advice to parents with children in hospital that they should stay with their child as much as possible

should also apply to people with dementia, who are often vulnerable and very easily distressed.

[6]   On Wednesday, which is NHS Change Day – a chance for positive changes at grassroots level to

be highlighted more widely – NHS England is organizing what it is calling a “Thunderclap” on

behalf of John's Campaign, across thousands of social media accounts, including Twitter and

Facebook, at 11am.