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TEXTO
In the Amazon rainforest, an indigenous tribe fights for survival
09 August 2022
Deep in the Amazon rainforest, an indigenous tribe that has remained relatively isolated from the outside world is waging a battle for its survival.
For centuries, the Yanomami have inhabited a vast area of pristine forest and large, meandering rivers on the border between Brazil and Venezuela, living off fishing, hunting and fruit gathering.
Today, the Yanomami – who number about 29,000 – say they are at serious risk of losing their lands, culture and traditional way of life. The lust for gold and other valuable minerals that lay beneath their ancestral territory has in recent years attracted a wave of illegal prospectors who have cut down forests, poisoned rivers and brought deadly diseases to the tribe.
“Our land is again being invaded. Our rivers are again being polluted by mercury,” said Davi Kopenawa, a Yanomami leader who has dedicated his life to protecting Yanomami rights and lands in the Amazon.
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“The Brazilian government must fulfil its protective role, where every Brazilian citizen, not just the Yanomami, feels protected. It is not a favour, but a constitutional obligation. It is necessary to curb the mining projects on indigenous lands because they are illegal under Brazilian law,” said Dario Kopenawa, vicepresident of the Hutukara Yanomami Association.
Despite the tribe’s predicament, leaders say they are determined to preserve their communities and ancestral land’s rich biodiversity. In a message to mark International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples on 9 August, Wapichana called on governments to uphold the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, a comprehensive international instrument on the rights of indigenous peoples adopted by the General Assembly in 2007.
Adapted from https://www.ohchr.org/en/stories/2022/08/amazonrainforest-indigenous-tribe-fights-survival
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a melhor forma, em Português, considerando o contexto do texto, para os termos destacados em “pristine forest”, “illegal prospectors” e “to curb the mining projects”.
Read the text below:
Burger King Japan bottles its 'flame grilled' fragrance
Perhaps this fragrance can help one appear - and smell - smoking hot.
Burger King Japan said it will sell a special fragrance on April 1 which is a recreation of the scent of the flame-grilled patties used in their hamburgers.
The product, called Flame Grilled Fragrance, will be available for one day only. It will be sold in 30-milliliter bottles for ¥5,000 (S$57.40) and will come with a Whopper sandwich. The fragrance was developed to promote Burger King products and to enable fans to enjoy the scent even when they are not at a Burger King outlet, the company said.
A company spokeswoman confirmed that although the release date is April Fool's Day, the announcement is no jokethe fragrance will definitely be sold at its stores in Japan. "It has that nice savory smell," she told Japan Real Time.
Available in: <http://women.asiaone.com/women/beauty/burgerking-japan-bottles-its-flame-grilled-fragrance>.
The word “it” in “It has that nice savory smell,” refers to:
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Texto II
CITIES DRIVE ANIMALS AND PLANTS TO EVOLVE
Species are adapting to urban pollution, traffic and shrinking habitats through changes in their genes
By Sharon Oosthoek - Apr 6, 2017
Ever seen a raccoon open a trash can in search of leftovers? Or walk across power lines to get from one rooftop to another? If so, you've witnessed an animal adapting its behavior to city life. That's been going on since people started building cities thousands of years ago. Now, biologists are seeing signs that animals and plants are also adapting in a more basic way to survive in cities. Their genes are changing.
Genes are segments of DNA that influence how an organism looks and functions. An animal or plant’s DNA is like an instruction book for how it develops and grows. Some instructions guide its reproductive habits. Others influence the way it moves. Still others might let it withstand poison. Urban pollution, traffic and shrinking wild spaces have been causing changes in these genetic instructions. And scientists have been tracking more and more signs of these genetic changes.
When genes change in response to their environment, it’s called evolution. Some of those changes may leave animals and plants better suited to their homes. It may offer new traits that increase the odds of surviving long enough to reproduce. This means the individuals will pass on these new traits to their offspring. Eventually, traits that had once been rare can now become common throughout a population.
Fonte: <https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/cities-drive-animals-and-plants-evolve> Acesso: 06/06/2017.
De acordo com o texto, o comportamento de animais e plantas tem se modificado ao longo do tempo devido:
Not far from the tree
By Mariana de Viveiros
They say the apple doesn’t fall far from the tree. So, the son of a circus performer is likely to be also an artist himself. 12-year-old Matheus Felipe Jesus Silva was born in the circus. That is, ever since he was a baby, he’s lived in a trailer (a mobile home pulled by a car or a truck). His mother is a ballet dancer at CircoSpacial, where Matheus himself is also a performer since the age of 3. He started doing presentations with clowns and nowadays he is a trapeze artist (just like his dad, who works in Europe), equilibrist and acrobat.
As the circus travels all over Brazil, Matheus changes schools very often. He studies in the morning, has rehearsals in the afternoon and, at weekends, he performs in the circus ring. He says that this routine doesn’t disturb his studies and he wants to graduate in Physical Education. “But I want to work in the circus forever.” On account of the mobility of his life and his outgoing nature, Matheus makes new friends wherever he goes and keeps in touch with them through the internet. “Kids think that I have a peculiar way of life and come to the circus to watch my show,” he adds. On his days off, he likes to go to the movies, to the mall and to shows. Read on to see his favorite film, book, CD and website.
Revista TAM Kids, julho/agosto 2011.
What does Matheus’ father do for a living?
Men Adrift
Cynthia Fuchs Epstein
The Betrayal of the American Man by Susan Faludi, William Morrow & Co., 1999 662 pp. $27.50
Scores of men, their wives and partners, friends and kin, and the sharks that have exploited them come alive through Faludi’s keen reporting. The men she writes about are presented as prototypes of the generation of baby-boomer men who have experienced layoffs, broken promises of upard mobility, the Vietnam War, meaningless work, and new definitions of “what it means to be a man” in contemporary America. A further “cause” of their plight, she writes, is the emphasis on celebrity in American culture. The narratives in Faludi’s book are woven through with themes of loss and the substitution of superficial values for the “real” values of meaningful work.
Faludi asserts that many men today feel “shipwrecked” in a service economy, but that this is only the start of their troubles. Victims of downsizing and de-skilling, they no longer play breadwinner roles in their families and develop difficulties in their marriages. In some cases, wives they once supported now support them.
Through this book she hopes to make men conscious of their condition and to encourage them to mobilize in ways approximating the women’s movement of the 1960s and 1970s. This is a commendable task, but it is doubtful whether men will either accept its premises or identify with the individuals Faludi refers to in making her case.
(Adapted from https://www.dissentmagazine.org)
De acordo com o texto,
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